Grammaticalization second edition thi s is a general introduction to grammatical ization, the change whereby lexical t. Asymmetric priming would elegantly explain why semantic change in grammaticalization tends to be unidirectional, as in the case of english be going to, which has evolved out of the lexical verb go. In grammaticalization 2003 hopper and traugott state that the cline of grammaticalization has both diachronic and synchronic implications. This book presents the state of the art in research on grammaticalization, the process by which lexical items acquire grammatical function, grammatical items get additional functions, and grammars. Florian haas freie universitat berlin received 9 january 2006. Grammaticalization, constructions and the incremental. A grammaticalization of facial expressions of emotion c. Grammaticalization, constructions and the incremental development. Grammaticalization is a process leading from lexemes to grammatical formatives. Second edition cambridge textbooks in linguistics by hopper, paul j. This was stated as early as in 1982 by christian lehmann, as is documented in the following quotation. Baker professor of english and linguistics at carnegie mellon university.
Grammaticalization cambridge textbooks in linguistics. A long article about grammaticalization of adpositions in spanish and portuguese based creoles. The development of english each other grammaticalization. Kop grammaticalization av paul j hopper, elizabeth closs traugott pa. In this chapter i aim to build on previous work in culturedriven grammati. Link to a paper by anthony aristar and helen dry on the role of deixis in grammaticalization. Grammaticalization paul j hopper, elizabeth closs traugott e. Multiple correspondence and typological convergence in. Pragmatics and grammaticalization pragmatics is discussed from two different perspectives. Is grammaticalization a unidirectional event, or can change occur in the reverse direction. Received 28 august 2015 revised 29 january 2016 accepted 4 february. Cambridge core linguistic anthropology grammaticalization by paul j. Pdfbocker lampar sig inte for lasning pa sma skarmar, t ex mobiler.
The authors of the papers in this volume approach these important questions from a variety of data types, including historical texts, creoles, and a typologically broad sample of modern and ancient languages. Hs gonnagoing to illustrates several facets typical of grammaticalization. The limits of grammaticalization anna giacalone ramat ed. Sometimes this book has its lenghts, but this is perhaps because i read it with a specific interest and thus had to skip over some things and was a bit overwhelmed by the multitude of examples. In their seminal work on grammaticalization, hopper and traugott 2003. Although these parameters of grammaticalization are often linked to the theory, linguists such as bybee et al. This is the second of two volumes deriving from papers presented at the nineteenth annual uwm linguistics symposium held in milwaukee in 1990. Its results offer valuable insights for all theoretical frameworks, including generative, construction, and cognitive grammar, and relates to work in fields such as phonology, sociolinguistics, and language acquisition.
Research on grammaticalization and its role in linguistic change encompasses work on languages from every major linguistic family. Context types in grammaticalization as constructions gabriele. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. What is the difference between grammaticalization and. Variation, lexicalization and grammaticalization in signed.
Pennsylvania, elizabeth closs traugott, stanford university, california. A sign is grammaticalized to the extent that it is devoid of concrete lexical meaning and takes part in obligatory grammatical rules. Grammaticalization cambridge textbooks in linguistics pdf. In particular, function words often become morphological affixes, as in the examples in 1. Grammaticalization refers to the change whereby lexical terms and constructions serve grammatical functions in certain linguistic contexts and, once grammaticalized, continue to develop new grammatical functions. Simpson, 2002, which plays a major role in their grammaticalization bybee, 2003, 2006.
Hopper and traugott 1993 see one important aspect of grammaticalization as residing in changes of the sort that can be characterized as follows. The oxford handbook of grammaticalization heiko narrog. A number of semantic, syntactic and phonologicalprocesses interact in the grammaticalization of morphemes and of whole constructions. Pragmaticalization defined as grammaticalization of. Grammaticalization grammaticalization is a complex multifactorial type of language change which does not consists of a single process but of a set of interacting processes. Traugott grammaticalization is the development of procedural. The gradual coalescence into words in grammaticalization1 martin haspelmath 1 historical background it has long been known that morphologically complex forms often arise from earlier syntactic phrases.
Traugott and konig 1991 and traugott and hopper 19932003 under the heading of pragmatic strengthening i. Pdf on jan 1, 2002, bernd heine and others published on the role of context in grammaticalization find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. From hopper and traugotts book, some linguists believe that grammaticalisation could be understood as entering the grammar of a language, i. The gradual coalescence into words in grammaticalization. Grammaticalization pdf they saw grammaticalization as an important tool for describing the workings of languages and their universal aspects and it provided an exhaustive list of the pathways of grammaticalization. His publications include grammaticalization coauthored with elizabeth closs traugott, cambridge, 1993, a short course in grammar 1999, the limits of grammaticalization coedited with anna giacaloneramat, 1998 and frequency and the emergence of linguistic structure coedited with joan. W99 w, lehmann w995, hopper and traugo 4 2003 and fischer 2007. Perspectives on grammaticalization william pagliuca ed. Paul hopper and elizabeth traugott synthesize research from several areas of linguistics in this revised introduction to the subject.
36 1590 1617 393 1395 557 1484 1365 1575 848 1179 382 1541 287 1444 287 174 1292 800 826 877 681 265 845 632 283 593 541 1299 1503 1046 569 380 556 246 1253 292 1452 1177 804 90